The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) is a multilateral treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 16 December 1966 through GA. 2. Article 7 The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone to the enjoyment of Just and favourabl conditione s of work, which ensure, in There is evidence that Australia is not meeting its obligations to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples for their right to the “highest attainable standard” of health, required under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). National Association of Community Legal Centres and Kingsford Legal Centre Preliminary Submission to Inform Adoption of List of Issues . By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. The Economic and Social Council may bring to the attention of other organs of the United Nations, their subsidiary organs and specialized agencies concerned with furnishing technical assistance any matters arising out of the reports referred to in this part of the present Covenant which may assist such bodies in deciding, each within its field of competence, on the advisability of international measures likely to contribute to the effective progressive implementation of the present Covenant. In accordance May 2017 . For each State ratifying the present Covenant or acceding to it after the deposit of the thirty-fifth instrument of ratification or instrument of accession, the present Covenant shall enter into force three months after the date of the deposit of its own instrument of ratification or instrument of accession. This includes protecting the right to an adequate standard of living, the right to education, the right to fair wages and the right to safe working conditions. A rticle 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) recognises the “right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health”.1 The ICESCR entered into force in Australia in 1976 and provides the principal framework for the universal right to health.2 As a State party to the ICESCR, Australia is obliged to submit 5-yearly reports … States should also set age limits below which the paid employment of child labour should be prohibited and punishable by law. 2. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to submit in conformity with this part of the Covenant reports on the measures which they have adopted and the progress made in achieving the observance of the rights recognized herein. The widest possible protection and assistance should be accorded to the family, which is the natural and fundamental group unit of society, particularly for its establishment and while it is responsible for the care and education of dependent children. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall inform all States which have signed the present Covenant or acceded to it of the deposit of each instrument of ratification or accession. 2. Poor access to primary health care for Aboriginal peoples and substantial shortfalls in government spending to address this are in violation of the ICESCR. Under the ICECSR, a “State which is unwilling to use the maximum of its available resources for the realization of the right to health is in violation of its obligations”.1 There is ample evidence that this is the case in Australia — a situation that is far from equity-generating. All peoples have the right of self-determination. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ share of the universal health coverage expenditure offered to all Australians is less per person than for other Australians. 1. Considering the obligation of States under the Charter of the United Nations to promote universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and freedoms. 1. The States Parties to the present Covenant agree that international action for the achievement of the rights recognized in the present Covenant includes such methods as the conclusion of conventions, the adoption of recommendations, the furnishing of technical assistance and the holding of regional meetings and technical meetings for the purpose of consultation and study organized in conjunction with the Governments concerned. The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone: (b) To enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications; (c) To benefit from the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author. The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) guarantees economic, social and cultural human rights. It has been argued that the Australian and global commitment to the UN’s Millennium Development Goals, which have a strong focus on rights to health for those in underdeveloped nations,36 may be harnessed in a set of development goals for the Indigenous Australian population.37 The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner also called for all governments to commit to achieving equality of health status between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians within 25 years,5 but to do so requires a genuine commitment to the intent of the ICESCR. New Zealand ratified the ICESCR on 28 December 1978. The ICESCR aims to promote and protect human rights in an individual’s economic, social and cultural life. Cultural Rights . Arabic | Aboriginal peoples have reduced access to medicines for a range of reasons similar to those for their overall poor access to primary health care.14, For a population with three times the rate of morbidity, and social, educational and economic disadvantage, overall spending on primary health care per person was only 23% higher for Indigenous Australians compared with other Australians in 2001–02.13 This included spending from all governments on state-run community health services, Aboriginal community controlled health services (ACCHSs), public health activities, non-admitted hospital services, Medicare, pharmaceuticals, patient transport, dental services, and aids and appliances. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to respect the freedom indispensable for scientific research and creative activity. During such period working mothers should be accorded paid leave or leave with adequate social security benefits. 1. The signing of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights by Ghana. The present Covenant is open for signature by any State Member of the United Nations or member of any of its specialized agencies, by any State Party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice, and by any other State which has been invited by the General Assembly of the United Nations to become a party to the present Covenant. French | It is clear that Aboriginal peoples have substantially worse health than is enjoyed by other Australians (defined as the highest attainable), and they still have a long way to go before reaching an equal standard of health.5 Given current expenditure relativities, the Australian Government cannot be confident that adequate resources are being directed towards enhancing the health system’s responsiveness to Aboriginal peoples’ health needs. Has Australia committed to using “the maximum of its available resources” to realise this population’s right to health? The draft Fourth Report simply asserts that, although “Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are the most disadvantaged group within the Australian community, Australian governments are making headway in addressing social and economic disadvantage”, followed by a short list of various government strategies. The States Parties to the present Covenant shall furnish their reports in stages, in accordance with a programme to be established by the Economic and Social Council within one year of the entry into force of the present Covenant after consultation with the States Parties and the specialized agencies concerned. 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